Founded in 1792, the purpose of the Association is to bring together, in one organization, the doctors of medicine of Fairfield County, Connecticut; to increase their knowledge in the art and science of medicine; to enlighten the public in matters of health and promote the health of the community; to form and maintain with the medical associations of the other counties of the state, the Connecticut State Medical Society and through it, with other state societies, the American Medical Association.

The Association is part of a coalition with five (5) City Medical Societies (Greenwich, Stamford, Norwalk, Bridgeport and Danbury) representing all medical specialties in Fairfield County. The eight county medical associations in Connecticut form the Connecticut State Medical Society and the state medical societies, together with all of the other state medical societies and medical specialty societies in the country, make up the American Medical Association. Composed of almost 2000 physicians from Fairfield County. It is one of the largest County Medical Associations in the state.